Q.1)
Q1) What is normalization in databases? Why is it important? Describe the normal forms (1NF, 2NF, 3NF, 4NF, and BCNF) with appropriate examples. Normalization Normalization ek systematic process hai jisme database ke data ko organize kiya jata hai taaki redundancy (duplicacy) eliminate ho aur data integrity ensure ho sake. Yeh badi tables ko smaller, well-structured tables mein divide karta hai aur unke beech relationships establish karta hai. Yeh ensure karta hai ki har table ek single concept ko represent kare, jisse insert, update aur delete operations ke dauran aane wali anomalies (errors) kam ho jayein. Yeh repetitive data ko minimize karke aur logical data grouping ensure karke query efficiency ko improve karta hai. Yeh consistency maintain karne mein madad karta hai by ensuring ki har attribute sirf key, puri key, aur kuch nahi balki sirf key par depend kare. Yeh storage wastage ko reduce karta hai aur relational databases mein optimal performance ensure karta hai. Yeh database ...
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